Paper-shaking machine



Feb. 16, 1937. E. w. SMITH 2,070,929

PAPER SHAKING MACHINE Filed July 6, 1956 s Shets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. Edward M Saw/7 6 ATTORNEY.

Feb. 16, 1937. E. w. SMITH PAPER SHAKING MACHINE Filed July 6, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 ll 7 f 1 :H:

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PAPER SHAKING MACHINE Filed July 6, 1936 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 nnnummmimgf" INVENTOR.

BY I

ATTQRNEY.

Patented Feb. 16, 1937 UNITED STATES 2.070.929 PAPER-SHAKING MACHINE Edward W. Smith, Melrose, Mass., assignor to Submarine Signal Company, Boston, Mass., a

corporation of Maine Application July 6, 1936, Serial No. 89,104

24 Claims.

The present invention relates to a means and method of producing and applying mechanical vibrations, particularly vibrations of rather low frequencies and high amplitudes which may be classified as near or below the limit of audibility although the same principles apply to higher frequencies. More particularly the invention relates to the vibration of the wire of the Fourdrinier machine and the particular method and apparatus by which the system is vibrated.

Vibration of the Fourdrinier paper machine. has in the past been accomplished by the application directly of an oscillating drive principally to the frame holding the table rolls over which the wire is drawn. In that device it is somewhat common practice to use a motor with some sort of a link drive, driven externally so as to produce a reciprocal motion and vibration of the frame or rolls. In such mechanism a common difliculty that occurs is that the masses to be moved are so large that the apparatus does not stand up very well, particularly on account of the repeated vibrations and the large forces involved. Not only is the effect felt in the machinery itself, but frequently the foundations are subect to such strenuous vibrations that to avoid damage the amplitude of motion must be limited.

In the applicant's copending application Serial No. 34,211, filed August 1, 1935, this has been substantially eliminated by establishing the system as one in which a resonance is produced and in which the masses and elastic forces are so distributed as to relieve the strain from the supports and foundations of the machinery itself.

In the present application the result accomplished is similar in nature with that in the copending application except that in the present device the system may be applied to existing machinery with less change and at a reduced cost.

The present invention will be more fully understood in connection with the drawings in which Fig. 1 shows the plan view of the apparatus as applied to the paper rolls of a Fourdrinier machine; Fig. 2 shows an end view of the system shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 shows an enlarged view of the detail of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 shows an end view of the device shown in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 shows a sectional view taken on the lire 55 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 shows an enlarged view with a portion broken away of a detail shown in Fig. 3; Fig. 7 shows a section taken on the line AA of Fig. 6; Fig. 8 shows an end view of the device shown in Fig. 6; Fig. 9 shows a side view of the elemerits shown in Fig. 8; Fig. 10 shows a modification of the device of Fig. 1; Fig. 11 shows a section taken on the line Illl of Fig. 9; and Fig.

12 shows a further detail of. the device shown in Fig. 6.

In Figs. 1 and 2 there is shown a frame I which may be pivoted at its upper end by pivots 2 and 3 to some fixed support. The frame 1 comprises two side supports 4 and which hold the rolls 6, 6, 5, etc. Over these rolls is drawn a wire I upon which the stock is flowed. Opposite the breast roll 8 at the lower end of the frame there is positioned a bar 9 pivoted in a bracket Hi to the frame. The bar 9 is pivoted at its other end to a crank or link ll mounted externally as indicated at l2 on a support l3 at the end of a shaft M of the motor I5. In order to adjust the amplitude of motion of the bar 9 a second bar I6 is pivoted to the bar 9 at the common pivot I! while the other end of the bar I6 is mounted in an arcuate slot l8 and adapted to be fixed in position by means of the clamp l8. Along the shake rail or supports 4, preferably at the center of percussion, there is mounted a clamp 20 shown more in detail in Figs. 3 and '4. The clamp 20 is held fast about the shake rail by means of nuts and bolts 40 and is provided at its external side with a cylindrical hole serving to hold the pin M which passes through the bearing 32 positioned between the two ends of the clamping plate. The bearing 32 is formed as a part of the plate 22 projecting in a horizontal position as indicated in Fig. 3. The plate 22 is coupled with the mass 2| by means of a group of helical springs 23. The mass 2| may be circular as indicated in Fig. 4 and may be provided with a circular plate 28 at the base resting on the rollers 29 and 30 supported in the frame 3|.

The details of this structure are shown more clearly in Figs. 6, '7, 8, and 9. In these figures it will be noted that the plate 22 ls provided with strengthening webs 33 and that positioned on the surface of the plate is a group of holes carrying the bolts 34, 34, etc, which pass through the plate and hold fast at their other end the cores 35. These cores are grooved or threaded to receive the helical springs 23 and hold the ends of the springs firmly to the plate. The other ends of the springs 23 are held by means of the cores 36 similarly mounted to the plate 26 by means of the bolts 44.

The masses 2| and 45 may be less or greater than the opposing mass of wire, rolls, etc., on the or foundation.

If the masses 2| and 45 are chosen smaller than the effective mass of the wire, rolls, etc., the driving force should be applied there, while if the opposite is true, the force should be applied as in Fig. 1.

The mass 45 which may be made up of a plurality of discs 21 is held together by means of the studs 46 having nuts 24 at one end drawing the discs firmly against the plate 25. At the other end there is provided a plate 41 shown in section in Fig. 7. This plate is recessed at portions 48, 48, etc., around the circumference to make room for the position of the nuts 49 at the end of the bolts 44 holding the cores to the plate 26. The bolts 46, as indicated in Fig. '7, pass through the plate 41 and are held fast at the opposite end of the plate 25. These bolts carry the core or supporting elements for one set of ends of the springs. The supporting mechanism for the mass 45 is shown in-Figs. 8 and 9. The mass is supported by a curved plate 58 to which a plate 5! is fastened having a fiat surface. Two such plates 5| may be attached to either side of the center line 52. These plates bear upon rollers 53, 53 which are mounted in forked bearing supports 54 which at the bottom are formed with plates 55 fixed by bolts 55 or other suitable means to the base support 3|. The rollers 53 may be provided with a thrust ball bearing 56' as indicated at the lower end of the bearing. These rollers 55 are preferably inclined so as to guide the mass 45 in a fixed motion.

A side view of the arrangement is shown in Fig. 9.

A modification of the device is shown in Figs. 10, 11, and 12. In this arrangement to the shake rail 68 is fastened the clamp 6| held fast by means of the bolts 62. The plate 64 is similarly constructed as in Fig. 6 and is provided with a pivoted element 65 pivoted in the clamp 6|. From the center of the plate 64 there extends a rod 66 longer than the springs 61 and passing centrally through the plate 68 at the end of the mass 69, though not attached to it. At the end of the shaft 66 there is provided a solenoid 10 having inclined pole faces II as indicated in Fig. 10. The mass 69 may be made up similarly as the mass 45 with laminations I2, 12. At the inner end of the mass, however, there is provided a magnetic field by means of the U-shaped laminated elements 13 forming pole faces 14 opposite the armature 10. There may be four sets of laminations as indicated more clearly in Fig. 11 and these may be held in place by means of the extended arms I5 through which a bolt 16 may be passed. The rods 11 holding the discs 1'2 of the mass 59 together may pass through these laminatio'ns or between them as indicated in Fig. 11, the end plate 68 covering the ends of the laminations and holding longitudinally all of the elements together. A coil may be placed within the hollow of the U-shaped laminatlons and be energized to furnish the alternating magnetic field for vibrating the system. The mass 69 may be similarly supported as indicated in Figs. '7, 8, and 9 and the force applied between the mass and the plate 64 to elongate the springs 61 for driving the whole system.

In the modification shown in Fig. 12 the mass 69 may through the springs 61 and the plate 8| be attached to the breast roll 92. This is accomplished by means of a connection allowing free rotation of the breast roll but coupling the mass and the breast roll together so that the mass may move the breast roll longitudinally of its axis. For this purpose a cylinder or casing 83 extends from the plate 8| and is covered by a plate member 84. Within the cylinder there is positioned a shaft 85 having two thrust plates 86 and 81 to prevent free longitudinal motion of the shaft. The shaft rotates in ball bearings 88 and against the thrust bearings 89 and 98 so that while the shaft is moving to the right or left, as indicated in Fig. 12, it will not be prevented from freely rotating. The shaft 85 is joined to the breast roll shaft 9! at the end of the breast roll 92, the shaft 9| being supported by the bearing 98.

In the operation of the system shown in Figs. 1 and 2 it is preferable to begin the vibration of the breast roll and shake rail with a minimum amplitude. This may be accomplished by positioning the arm 16 towards the top of the groove l8, at which point the amplitude of shake of the rod 9 will be a minimum. The motor may then be started and brought to such a speed at or above that at which resonance is reached. When this is done, then the amplitude may be further increased by lowering the end of the shaft 16 in the groove l8. This method of starting will prevent undue impact and stresses from acting on the system as might occur in the present arrangement if this method were not followed.

Having now described my invention, I claim:

1. In combination with a Fourdrinier paper machine having a shake rail, means pivoting said shake rail at one end and means vibrating the rail at the other end, means positioned between said pivoting and vibrating means comprising a heavy mass, means for positioning said mass to provide free motion in a horizontal direction and elastic means coupling said mass to said shake rail.

2. In combination with a Fourdrinier paper machine having a shake rail, means pivoting said shake rail at one end thereof, means vibrating the shake rail at the other end and means elastically coupled to said shake rail at the center of percussion of the system, said means including a large mass adapted to move freely in a horizontal direction.

3. In combination with a Fourdrinier paper machine having a shake rail, means attached to and extending from said shake rail providing a bearing for free motion about a vertical axis, a. plate having an element projecting from the center at one side thereof and formed for pivoting in said bearing, a plurality of helical springs, means mounting said helical springs on said plate, a mass comprising a plurality of cylindrical discs, means holding said cylindrical discs together including a plate at one end thereof and means mounted on said plate for holding the other ends of said helical springs.

4. In combination with a Fourdrinier paper machine having a shake rail, a plate, means pivotally mounting said plate to said shake rail, a plurality of helical springs, means mounting said helical springs at one end thereof to said plate, a second plate, means mounting said helical springs to the other end of said second plate, a plurality of circular discs forming a mass of large magnitude, means mounting said circular discs to said plate, means providing a support for said mass, said means providing freedom of movement in a horizontal direction.

5. In combination with a Fourdrinier paper machine having a shake rail. a plate, means pivotally mounting said plateto said shake rail, a mass having a plate at one end, a plurality of helical springs, means mounting said helical springs at opposite ends to said plates and means for supporting said mass and providing freedom of motion in a horizontal direction.

6. In combination with a Fo'urdrinier paper machine having a shake rail, means attached to said shake rail including a plate, a mass positioned adjacent said plate and spring means mechanically coupling said mass to said plate and means attached at one end to said plate and'at' the other end to said mass for providing mechanical vibrations between the same.

'7. In combination with ajl ourdrinier paper.

machine having a shake rail, means attached to said shake rail including a plate, means-having a large mass and spring means joining saidplate to said mass and means positioned'between said plate and said mass for vibrating the same.

8. In combination with a. Fourdrinier paper machine having a shake rail, means attached to and extending from said shake rail, said means having a bearing element for providing tree-operations about a vertical axis, a plate having means extending from one side'thereof' and engaging said bearing to permit freedom or movement of the plate horizontally, a plurality of helical springs, means attaching one set or endsof said tion and means coupling said mass to said helical springs at their other ends}:

9. In a Fourdrinier paper machine, means for applying vibrational energy to the shake section thereof, comprising a unit composed of a mass, spring means capable of storing kinetic energy imparted from the movement of the mass, means joining said spring means and said mass together, means joining said spring meansto the shake section and means for vibrating said shake section at a point positioned away from the point where said spring means is joined to the shake section, said mass and spring means forming a resonant system at the frequency of vibrations applied to the system.

10. In a Fourdrinier paper machine, means for vibrating the wire thereof, comprising a mass, spring means coupled at one end to said mass, means attached to said spring means at the other end for transferlng vibrations to said wire whereby kinetic energy of the movement of the mass may be stored in said spring means, said mass being made larger than the, efiective mass associated with the vibrating parts of the machine, and means for applying the vibrational force to the wire at such a frequency to establish resonant vibrations in the system.

11. In a Fourdrinier paper machine, means for vibrating the shake rail thereof, comprising a unit having a mass, spring means attached at one end to said mass and capable of storing kinetic energy from the movement of the mass, said spring means having means at the other end coupling'it to said shake rail, said shake rail and the part associated therewith having an effective mass different from that oi the coupled mass and means for driving the system through the smaller mass at a frequency to establish resonant vibrations in the system.

12. In combination with a Fourdrinier paper machine having a shake rail, means having a large mass comparable in magnitude to the mass associated with the mass of the vibratory parts of the Fourdrinier machine, means supporting said mass for providing free horizontal motion, spring means capable of storing kinetic energy imparted from the movement of the mass, means coupling said spring element at one end to said shake rail and at the other end to said mass, and electrical means acting between the coupled ends of the spring element for imparting vibration to said system.

13. In combination with a Fourdrinier paper machine having a shake section, means having a large mass comparable in magnitude to the mass associated with the mass of the vibratory parts of the Fourdrinier machine, means supporting said mass for providing free horizontal motion, spring means capable of storing kinetic energy imparted from the movement of the mass, means coupling said spring element at one end to'said shake section and at the other end to said mass, and electrical means acting between the coupled and or the spring element for imparting vibration to said system.

14. In combination with a Fourdrinier paper machine having a shake section, means having a large mass comparable in magnitude to the mass associated with the mass of the vibratory parts of the Fourdrinier machine, means supporting said mass for providing free horizontal motion, spring means capable of storing kinetic energy imparted from the movement of the mass, means coupling said spring element at one end to said shake section and at the other end to said mass, and electricaltmeans acting between the coupled end of the spring element for imparting vibration to said system, said vibrations being applied at a frequency to establish resonance for the vibrating system composed of the shake section, the mass and the spring coupling means.

15. In a Fourdrinier paper machine, means for applying vibrational energy to the shake section thereof, including means having a large mass po sitioned adjacent the shake section, spring means coupling said mass to said shake section for storing kinetic energy imparted from the movement of said mass, a support upon which said mass is positioned, said support comprising a base, means mounted upon the base providing a plurality of rollers, said rollers positioned to support and bear the weight of said mass, and means attached to said mass and positioned to engage said rollers for providing a smooth surface to allow the mass to move freely without friction over said rollers.

16. In a Fourdrinier paper machine having a wire, means for shaking the wire, comprising means having a substantial mass, means mounting said mass to provide substantially free horizontal movement, a spring element for storing kinetic energy imparted to it from the movement of said mass, means coupling said spring element between said mass and said wire forming a resonant systern, and means applying vibrational energy to said system at the frequency to produce resonance thereof.

1'7. In a Fourdrinier paper machine having a means for coupling said spring element between said wire and said mass forming a resonant system and electrical means applied between the points of coupling for vibrating I the system at resonance.

18. In a Fourdrinier paper machine having a wire, means for shaking the wire comprising means having a substantial mass, means mounting said mass to provide substantially free movement thereof, a spring element for storing kinetic energy imparted from the movement of said mass, means coupling said spring element between said wire and said mass forming a resonant system and means applied between the points of coupling for vibrating the system at resonance.

19. In a Fourdrinier paper machine having a wire, means for shaking the wire comprising means having a substantial mass, means mounting said mass to provide substantially free movement thereof, a spring element for storing kinetic energy imparted to it from the movement of said mass, means coupling said spring element between said wire and said mass forming a resonant system and means applied between the wire and the mass for vibrating the system at resonance.

20. In a Fourdrinier paper machine having a wire, means for shaking the wire comprising means having a substantial mass, means mounting said mass to provide substantially free movement thereof, a spring element for storing kinetic energy imparted to it from the movement of said mass, means coupling said spring element at one side to said. wire, means coupling said spring element at the other side to said mass forming a resonant system, and'means applied across said spring element for vibrating the system at a frequency for resonance thereoi'.

21. In a Fourdrinier paper machine having a wire, means for shaking the wire comprising means having a substantial mass positioned near the wire, means supporting said mass to provide free motion thereof, means for furnishing contact to said wire and coupling to said mass including a spring element having means for storing up kinetic energy imparted from the movement of said mass, and means for imparting vibrational energy to the system positioned to act across the ends of the spring element, the masses and spring element of the system being so proportioned to produce a resonant system at the frequency of vibration of the means imparting the vibrational energy.

22. In a Fourdrinier paper machine, means for applying vibrational energy to the wire thereof, including means having a large mass positioned adjacent the wire, spring means, means coupling said spring means between said mass and said wire, a support upon which said mass is positioned, said support comprising a base, means mounted upon the base providing a plurality of rollers, said rollers being positioned to support and bear the weight of said mass, and means attached to said mass and positioned to engage said rollers for providing a smooth surface to allow the mass to move freely without friction over said rollers.

23. In combination with a Fourdrinier paper machine having a shake rail, a plate, means attaching said plate to said shake rail, a second plate, electromagnetic means having a magnetic element attached to said second plate, an armature and means attaching said armature to said first plate, and spring coupling means and means attaching said spring coupling means between said first and second plates.

24. In a Fourdrinier paper machine, means for applying vibrations to a wire screen comprising a roll, two masses free to be vibrated at least in one direction, one mass of which may include said roll, means mechanically connecting said masses together including spring means attached to each of said masses and means for applying mechanical vibrations to said system.

EDWARD W. SMITH. 

